Everything Expectant Employees Need to Know
Planning maternity leave is not only an emotional journey but also a financial one. One of the most important factors in determining your eligibility for maternity pay in the UK is the qualifying period. Understanding exactly when this period begins and ends can help you know whether you qualify for Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) and what steps you need to take before taking maternity leave.
With updates expected for 2025, it’s essential for employees—and employers—to stay informed. This guide explains the qualifying period for maternity pay in 2025, eligibility rules, how it works, and why it matters.
What Is the Qualifying Period for Maternity Pay?
The qualifying period is the timeframe used to determine whether you meet the employment and earnings criteria for Statutory Maternity Pay. It is not the same as maternity leave, due date, or SMP payment dates. Instead, it focuses specifically on how long you have been employed and how much you earn during a defined window before your baby is due.
For 2025, the qualifying period structure remains the same, though earnings thresholds may be adjusted with inflation. The rules are straightforward but time-sensitive.
Qualifying Period for Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) in 2025
To qualify for SMP in 2025, you must meet three key requirements:
1. Length of Employment Requirement
You must have been employed continuously for at least 26 weeks with the same employer up to and including the 15th week before your expected week of childbirth (EWC).
This 15th week before your due date is called the Qualifying Week.
2. Earnings Requirement
During the 8-week period leading up to your qualifying week, your average weekly earnings must be at least the Lower Earnings Limit (LEL).
The LEL may change in April 2025 based on government updates, but for 2024/25 it is £123 per week. For most employees, the 2025 figure will be similar, slightly increased for inflation.
3. Employment Status Requirement
You must be classified as an employee—including part-time or agency employees who are paid through PAYE.
If you meet all three criteria within the qualifying period, your employer must legally pay you SMP.
Understanding the 15th Week Before the Due Date
The 15th week before your expected week of childbirth is one of the most important points in the maternity pay process. This date:
- Determines if you have been employed long enough
- Locks in your eligibility
- Marks the end of your employment qualifying period
- Sets the pay calculation window
Once you reach this week, your employer can confirm whether you qualify for SMP.
The Earnings Calculation Period (AWE Period)
Your Average Weekly Earnings (AWE) are calculated from your pay in a specific 8-week period that ends during your qualifying week.
This period includes:
- Basic salary
- Overtime
- Bonuses
- Commission
- Statutory sick pay (if applicable)
If your earnings meet or exceed the LEL during this window, you pass the earnings requirement for SMP.
Why the Qualifying Period Matters
1. It Determines Eligibility
If you do not meet the qualifying period criteria, you will not receive Statutory Maternity Pay. Instead, you may be eligible for Maternity Allowance.
2. Helps You Plan When to Start Employment
If you’re switching jobs or starting a new role, knowing the qualifying period ensures you make decisions that protect your maternity rights.
3. Ensures Accurate Financial Planning
Understanding your qualifying dates helps you estimate maternity pay and budget for the year ahead.
Examples of How the Qualifying Period Works (2025)
Example 1: You Qualify
- Due date: 10 September 2025
- Qualifying week: 28 May 2025
- You must have started working: before 27 November 2024
- You earned over the LEL for 8 weeks before the qualifying week
You qualify for SMP.
Example 2: You Do Not Qualify (Employment Length)
- Due date: 1 October 2025
- Qualifying week: 18 June 2025
- You started working on 1 January 2025
You do not meet the 26-week requirement.
Example 3: You Do Not Qualify (Earnings)
Your average earnings during the 8-week window were below the LEL.
You may qualify for Maternity Allowance, but not SMP.
What Happens if You Don’t Meet the Qualifying Period?
If you don’t qualify for SMP because:
- You haven’t worked long enough
- Your earnings are too low
- You weren’t an employee in the qualifying week
Your employer must give you an SMP1 form, explaining why you don’t qualify.
You can then apply for Maternity Allowance, which is paid by Jobcentre Plus.
Final Thoughts
The qualifying period for maternity pay is one of the most crucial aspects of maternity rights in the UK. For 2025, the structure remains consistent: 26 weeks of employment, sufficient earnings, and employee status. Understanding your qualifying week, your earnings window, and the rules around continuous employment ensures that you are fully prepared for maternity leave—both emotionally and financially.
By tracking your dates early and planning accordingly, you can ensure you receive all the maternity benefits you are entitled to.